# std::ranges::view_interface<D>::data

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< cpp‎ | ranges‎ | view interface

constexpr auto data() requires std::contiguous_iterator < ranges::iterator_t <D>>; | (1) | (since C++20)
constexpr auto data() const requires ranges::range <const D> && std::contiguous_iterator < ranges::iterator_t <const D>>; | (2) | (since C++20)

The default implementation of `data()` member function obtains the address denoted by the beginning iterator via std::to_address, which is also the lowest address of the contiguous storage (implied by `contiguous_iterator`) referenced by the view of the derived type when the view is not empty.

1) Let `derived` be static_cast<D&>(*this). Equivalent to return std::to_address ( ranges::begin (derived));.
2) Same as (1), except that `derived` is static_cast<const D&>(*this).

### Parameters

(none)

### Return value

The address denoted by the beginning iterator.

### Notes

Following derived types may use the default implementation of `data()`:

- std::ranges::common_view
- std::ranges::drop_view
- std::ranges::drop_while_view
- std::ranges::ref_view
- std::ranges::subrange
- std::ranges::take_view
- std::ranges::take_while_view

Following types are derived from std::ranges::view_interface and do not declare their own `data()` member function, but they cannot use the default implementation, because their iterator types never satisfy `contiguous_iterator`:

- std::ranges::basic_istream_view
- std::ranges::elements_view
- std::ranges::filter_view
- std::ranges::iota_view
- std::ranges::join_view
- std::ranges::lazy_split_view
- std::ranges::reverse_view
- std::ranges::split_view
- std::ranges::transform_view

### Example

Run this code

    #include <array>
    #include <iostream>
    #include <ranges>
    #include <string_view>

    int main() {
        constexpr std::string_view str { "Hello, C++20!" };
        std::cout << (str | std::views::drop(7)).data() << '\n';
        constexpr static std::array a { 1,2,3,4,5 };
        constexpr auto v { a | std::views::take(3) };
        static_assert( &a[0] == v.data() );
    }

Output:

    C++20!

### See also

data (C++17) | obtains the pointer to the underlying array (function template)
ranges::data (C++20) | obtains a pointer to the beginning of a contiguous range (customization point object)
ranges::cdata (C++20) | obtains a pointer to the beginning of a read-only contiguous range (customization point object)
to_address (C++20) | obtains a raw pointer from a pointer-like type (function template)

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